Several trekking routes lead to Machu Picchu, although the term “Inca Trail” most commonly refers to the Classic 4 Day Inca Trail. This route follows a section of the original Inca road network through the Andes before entering Machu Picchu through Inti Punku, also known as the Sun Gate.
The Classic Inca Trail covers approximately 42 kilometres and combines mountain scenery, archaeological sites and changing landscapes across four days of trekking. Campsites are located at designated points along the route and are managed through the government permit system. The trek includes several steep ascents and descents, with the highest point reached at Dead Woman’s Pass.
A shorter version known as the 2 Day Inca Trail is designed for travellers with limited time or those seeking a less physically demanding alternative. This route joins the main trail near Chachabamba and visits Wiñay Wayna before continuing to Machu Picchu through the Sun Gate. The shorter trek still includes sections of original Inca paving and cloud forest scenery but avoids the higher mountain passes of the full route.
In addition to the official Inca Trail routes, several alternative treks to Machu Picchu are available in the Cusco region. These include the Salkantay Trek and Lares Trek, both of which operate independently of the Inca Trail permit system. Alternative routes can be useful during periods when Inca Trail permits are sold out or for travellers seeking different scenery and trekking conditions.
The Classic Inca Trail remains the most historically significant and tightly regulated route to Machu Picchu. Its combination of archaeological sites, controlled visitor numbers and direct arrival through the Sun Gate continues to distinguish it from other treks in Peru.